Since the 2026 qualifying cycle, every 70.3 race runs two separate allocations, one for men and one for women, each with its own slot count. Within each, age-group winners get an automatic slot (rolling to 2nd and 3rd), and the rest form a performance pool that rolls down that gender's age-graded list. IRONMAN publishes the slot counts and age-grade factors but not how deep each rolldown went; this page replays every race's two rolldowns against who actually showed up at the championship. Numbers are estimates — method and limits at the bottom.
IRONMAN publishes each race's slot count for men and for women, and the age-grade factor for every age group. What it doesn't publish is who accepted. But every result carries a stable athlete id, so each qualifying race's finishers can be matched against the championship results: anyone in the championship field (including those who didn't start) took a slot somewhere.
Races are replayed in date order across the cycle, with the men's and women's allocations run separately. In each: age-group automatic slots go to the first of the top three who is in the championship field; an automatic slot none of them took joins that gender's performance pool; the pool then walks down that gender's age-graded list (finish time × factor), giving a slot to each championship athlete it meets, until it's full. An athlete takes the first slot they're offered and declines every later one — which is what keeps a serial racer from being counted at every race they entered. The cutoff is the last place the pool reached.
Men's and women's age-graded times aren't on the same scale — each gender is graded against its own fastest age group — so compare a men's cutoff with other men's cutoffs, not with a women's one.
Known biases, pulling in opposite directions:
Checked against one known case: an M40-44 athlete at Santa Cruz 2025 who was offered a rolldown slot at 4:38:53, with athletes behind them also offered one. The simulation puts that age group's cutoff at 4:42:14 and has six championship athletes between that athlete and the end of the men's rolldown.